منابع مشابه
the relationship between test-takers and experts perception of prompt difficulty
چکیده مهارت شنیداری برای مدتهای طولانی در آموزش ، تحقیق و ارزیابی مورد غفلت قرار گرفته است. اگرچه در سالهای اخیر به خاطر اهمیت قابل ملاحظه این توانائیها در آموزش و آزمون زبان ، توجه بیشتری به توانائیهای شنیداری شده است. هم چنانکه درک شنیداری در آموزش و ارزیابی زبان دوم اهمیت فزاینده ای می یابد محققین سعی نموده اند تا ماهیت مهارتهای مستتر در مهارت شنیداری را مورد بررسی و مطالعه قرار دهند. هدف ...
15 صفحه اولBias in Judgment: Comparing Individuals and Groups
The relative susceptibility of individuals and groups to systematic judgmental biases is considered. An overview of the relevant empirical literature reveals no clear or general pattern. However, a theoretical analysis employing J. H. Davis's (1973) social decision scheme (SDS) model reveals that the relative magnitude of individual and group bias depends upon several factors, including group s...
متن کاملThe truth and bias model of judgment.
We present a new model for the general study of how the truth and biases affect human judgment. In the truth and bias model, judgments about the world are pulled by 2 primary forces, the truth force and the bias force, and these 2 forces are interrelated. The truth and bias model differentiates force and value, where the force is the strength of the attraction and the value is the location towa...
متن کاملRefining Situational Judgment Test Methods
Situational Judgment Tests (SJTs) assess knowledge, skills, values, and attitudes. They present scenarios, which are based on real events, to be judged, understood, scaled, and interpreted by the examinee. These instruments have been used to evaluate cognitive theories and training programs, and to predict performance. This paper presents the argument that SJTs have potential to renew and reinv...
متن کاملThe Effect of Cognitive Bias Modification in the Attention Bias of Students With Test Anxiety
Abstract Introduction: Many of the students chr('39')educational problems, including academic failure and maladaptive behaviors, stem from exam anxiety caused by studentschr('39') cognitive bias. Cognitive bias modification can reduce attention biases students to be negative. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive bias modification interven...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Memory & Cognition
سال: 1994
ISSN: 0090-502X,1532-5946
DOI: 10.3758/bf03202762